单片机，从入门到放弃的？

来来来，让我们一起，左手右手一个慢动作。每一个方向都值得一个人用一生去钻研，每一个步骤都有其自身的魅力。

moduleminicpu(clk, reset, run, in, cs, pcout, irout, qtop, abus, dbus, out);
inputclk,reset,run;input[15:0]in;output[1:0]cs;output[15:0]irout, qtop, dbus, out;output[11:0]pcout, abus;wire[15:0]qnext, ramout, aluout;reg[11:0]abus;reghalt, jump, pcinc, push, pop, thru, qthru, dbus2qtop, dbus2ram, dbus2obuf, ir2dbus, qtop2dbus, alu2dbus, ram2dbus, in2dbus;regpop2, ir2abus, qtop2abus, qnext2abus;reg[11:0]pcout, pcnext;reg[15:0]out;
statefstatef0(.clk(clk),.reset(reset),.run(run),.halt(halt),.cs(cs));stackmstackm0(.clk(clk),.reset(reset),.load(dbus2qtop),.push(push),.pop(pop),.pop2(pop2),.thru(qthru),.d(dbus),.dthru(ramout),.qtop(qtop),.qnext(qnext));alualu0(.a(qtop),.b(qnext),.f(irout[4:0]),.s(aluout));dpram#(16,10,1024) dpram0(.clk(clk),.load1(dbus2ram),.addr1(abus),.addr2(pcnext),.d1(dbus),.q1(ramout),.q2(irout));

物理上是这样的

#!/usr/bin/perl -W*****************print*** LABEL LIST ***\n";foreach$l (sort(keys(%label))){printf%-8s%03X\n",$l,$label{$l};}
$addr=0;print\n*** MACHINE PROGRAM ***\n";foreach(@source){$line = $_;s/\w+://;if(PUSHI\s+(-?\d+)/){printf%03X:%04X\t$line",$addr++,$MCODE{PUSHI}+($1&0xfff);} elsif((PUSH|POP|JMP|JZ|JNZ)\s+(\w+)/){printf%03X:%04X\t$line",$addr++,$MCODE{$1}+$label{$2};}elsif((-?\d+)/){printf%03X:%04X\t$line",$addr++,$1&0xffff;} elsif(([A-Z]+)/){printf%03X:%04X\t$line",$addr++,$MCODE{$1};} else{print\t\t$line";}}

%{#include<stdio.h>%}%union{char*s; intn;}%token <s> NAME NUMBER%destructor { free($$); } NAME NUMBER%token <n> IF WHILE DO%type <n> if0%token GOTO ELSE INT IN OUT HALT......%%intyyerror(char*s){ printf(%s\n",s); }intmain(){ yyparse(); }%{#include<string.h>#includey.tab.h"intn=0;%}......while{yylval.n=++n;return(WHILE);}[0-9]+       {yylval.s=strdup(yytext);return(NUMBER);}[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*    {yylval.s=strdup(yytext);return(NAME);}.            {return(yytext[0]);}%%intyywrap(){ return(1);}

%{#include <stdio.h>%}%union {char *s; int n;}%token <s> NAME NUMBER%destructor { free($$); } NAME NUMBER%token <n> IF WHILE DO%type <n> if0%token GOTO ELSE INT IN OUT HALT......%%int yyerror(char *s){ printf("%s\n",s); }int main(){ yyparse(); }%{#include <string.h>#include "y.tab.h"int n=0;%}......while    {yylval.n=++n;return(WHILE);}[0-9]+       {yylval.s=strdup(yytext);return(NUMBER);}[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*    {yylval.s=strdup(yytext);return(NAME);}.            {return(yytext[0]);}%%int yywrap(){ return(1);}

start: JK startnopsdal 32sdah 0datploop:  tinginltinginhjend cxcutenopjmp loopincexcute: call 32nopjmp startnop

uintSPI_RW(uintuchar){uintbit_ctr;for(bit_ctr=0;bit_ctr<8;bit_ctr++) output 8-bit{MOSI = (uchar & 0x80);         output 'uchar', MSB to MOSIuchar = (uchar << 1);           shift next bit into MSB..SCK = 1;                      Set SCK high..uchar |= MISO;             capture current MISO bitSCK = 0;                  ..then set SCK low again}return(uchar);                 return read uchar}

化学，光学，半导体物理，等等就光刻胶涂胶的方式就够你研究一辈子了

其实，一位道友曾经尝试过制作51单片机，接下来欣赏网友一路向北lm的制作过程：