使用dmidecode命令查看服务器硬件信息

dmidecode命令主要是通过DMI获取主机的硬件信息，其输出的信息包括BIOS、系统、主板、处理器、内存、缓存等等。

什么是DMI？

DMI (Desktop Management Interface, DMI)的主要组成部分是Management InformationFormat (MIF)数据库，这个数据库包括了所有有关电脑系统和配件的信息。

1、以CentOS 7.9 操作系统为例：

[root@linuxyz~]#cat/etc/redhat-release
CentOSLinuxrelease7.9.2009(Core)

2、安装dmidecode

[root@linuxyz~]#yum-yinstalldmidecode

dmidecode[选项]
选项
-d：(default:/dev/mem)从设备文件读取信息，输出内容与不加参数标准输出相同。
-h：显示帮助信息。
-s：只显示指定DMI字符串的信息。(string)
-t：只显示指定条目的信息。(type)
-u：显示未解码的原始条目内容。
--dump-bin file：将DMI数据转储到一个二进制文件中。
--from-dump FILE：从一个二进制文件读取DMI数据。
-V：显示版本信息。

[root@localhost~]$dmidecode#打印所有硬件信息
[root@localhost~]$dmidecode-q#打印所有硬件信息，比较简洁
[root@localhost~]$dmidecode-h#获取帮助
[root@localhost~]$dmidecode|grep'ProductName'#以过滤的方式来查看指定的硬件信息
[root@localhost~]$dmidecode--typebios#查看BIOS相关的硬件信息
[root@localhost~]$dmidecode--typesystem#查看系统相关的硬件信息
[root@localhost~]$dmidecode--typebaseboard#查看主板相关的硬件信息
[root@localhost~]$dmidecode--typechassis#查看机箱相关的硬件信息
[root@localhost~]$dmidecode--typeprocessor#查看处理器相关的硬件信息
[root@localhost~]$dmidecode--typememory#查看内存相关的硬件信息
[root@localhost~]$dmidecode|grep'SerialNumber'#查看主板的序列号
[root@localhost~]$dmidecode-ssystem-serial-number#查看系统序列号
[root@localhost~]$dmidecode-t11#查看OEM信息

dmidecode支持的数字参数如下：
Type Information
--------------------------------------------
0 BIOS
1 System
2 Baseboard
3 Chassis
4 Processor
5 Memory Controller
6 Memory Module
7 Cache
8 Port Connector
9 System Slots
10 On Board Devices
11 OEM Strings
12 System Configuration Options
13 BIOS Language
14 Group Associations
15 System Event Log
16 Physical Memory Array
17 Memory Device
18 32-bit Memory Error
19 Memory Array Mapped Address
20 Memory Device Mapped Address
21 Built-in Pointing Device
22 Portable Battery
23 System Reset
24 Hardware Security
25 System Power Controls
26 Voltage Probe
27 Cooling Device
28 Temperature Probe
29 Electrical Current Probe
30 Out-of-band Remote Access
31 Boot Integrity Services
32 System Boot
33 64-bit Memory Error
34 Management Device
35 Management Device Component
36 Management Device Threshold Data
37 Memory Channel
38 IPMI Device
39 Power Supply
40 Additional Information
41 Onboard Devices Extended Information
42 Management Controller Host Interface

#查询内存条数：
[root@linuxyz~]#dmidecode-t17|grep"Size.*MB"|wc-l
1

#查询机器最大支持的内存总量
[root@mysql~]#dmidecode-t16
Handle0x0036,DMItype16,15bytes
PhysicalMemoryArray
Location:SystemBoardOrMotherboard
Use:SystemMemory
ErrorCorrectionType:Multi-bitECC
MaximumCapacity:96GB##这里可以查看到当前服务器允许扩容的最大内存为96G。
ErrorInformationHandle:NotProvided
NumberOfDevices:12

[root@localhost~]$dmidecode-q
//BIOS相关的硬件信息
BIOSInformation
Vendor:Bochs
Version:Bochs
ReleaseDate:01/01/2011
Address:0xE8000
RuntimeSize:96kB
ROMSize:64kB
Characteristics:
BIOScharacteristicsnotsupported
Targetedcontentdistributionissupported
BIOSRevision:1.0

//系统相关的硬件信息
SystemInformation
Manufacturer:Bochs#厂商
ProductName:Bochs#服务器型号
Version:NotSpecified#版本号
SerialNumber:641ab5b5-f6c0-431f-864c-4e750d27de04#主板序列号
UUID:641AB5B5-F6C0-431F-864C-4E750D27DE04#UUID
Wake-upType:PowerSwitch
SKUNumber:NotSpecified
Family:NotSpecified

//机箱相关的硬件信息
ChassisInformation
Manufacturer:Bochs
Type:Other
Lock:NotPresent
Version:NotSpecified
SerialNumber:NotSpecified
AssetTag:NotSpecified
Boot-upState:Safe
PowerSupplyState:Safe
ThermalState:Safe
SecurityStatus:Unknown
OEMInformation:0x00000000
Height:Unspecified
NumberOfPowerCords:Unspecified

//处理器相关的硬件信息
ProcessorInformation
SocketDesignation:CPU1
Type:CentralProcessor
Family:Other
Manufacturer:Bochs
ID:F1060400FFFB8B1F
Version:NotSpecified
Voltage:Unknown
ExternalClock:Unknown
MaxSpeed:2000MHz
CurrentSpeed:2000MHz
Status:Populated,Enabled
Upgrade:Other

//物理内存阵列
PhysicalMemoryArray
Location:Other
Use:SystemMemory
ErrorCorrectionType:Multi-bitECC
MaximumCapacity:2GB
NumberOfDevices:1

//内存设备
MemoryDevice
TotalWidth:64bits
DataWidth:64bits
Size:2048MB
FormFactor:DIMM
Set:None
Locator:DIMM0
BankLocator:NotSpecified
Type:RAM
TypeDetail:None

//内存阵列映射地址
MemoryArrayMappedAddress
StartingAddress:0x00000000000
EndingAddress:0x0007FFFFFFF
RangeSize:2GB
PartitionWidth:1

//内存设备映射地址
MemoryDeviceMappedAddress
StartingAddress:0x00000000000
EndingAddress:0x0007FFFFFFF
RangeSize:2GB
PartitionRowPosition:1

//系统引导
SystemBootInformation
Status:Noerrorsdetected